保险真的可以避债吗？

对保险有一定了解的人，都知道保险在某个角度上看是可以做到避税避债的。<div><br></div><div>上个月写了一篇关于保险避税的贴，本帖打算写写保险避债那些事。<div><br></div><div><img class="imgs" src="http://bbsimg.cardniu.com/data/attachment/forum/201811/363b090041301ef36f85dd.jpeg" img_width="550" img_height="365"><br></div><div><br></div><div><p style="  Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;  letter-spacing: 0.544px;  text-align: justify; widows: 1;  word-wrap: break-word !important;">《保险法》第23条规定：“任何单位和个人不得非法干预保险人履行赔偿或者给付保险金的义务，也不得限制被保险人或者受益人取得保险金的权利。”<br style=" box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"></p><p style="  Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;  letter-spacing: 0.544px;  text-align: justify; widows: 1;  word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style=" box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"></p><p style="  Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;  letter-spacing: 0.544px;  text-align: justify; widows: 1;  word-wrap: break-word !important;">那就是说，如果投保的行为是合法的，那么<span style=" box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; letter-spacing: 0px; ">获取保险金</span>也是受法律保护的。<br style=" box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"></p><p style="  Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;  letter-spacing: 0.544px;  text-align: justify; widows: 1;  word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style=" box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"></p><p style="  Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;  letter-spacing: 0.544px;  text-align: justify; widows: 1;  word-wrap: break-word !important;">也就是说，只要是合法的情况下，&nbsp;<span style="  Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;  letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; widows: 1;">投保人债务不影响被保险人保险金，</span>&nbsp;被保险人债务不影响受益人保险金。</p><p style="  Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;  letter-spacing: 0.544px;  text-align: justify; widows: 1;  word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></p><p style="  Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;  letter-spacing: 0.544px;  widows: 1;  word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style=" Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;  letter-spacing: 0.544px;  text-align: justify; widows: 1; ">1.投保人债务不影响被保险人保险金</span><br></p><p style="  Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;  letter-spacing: 0.544px;  widows: 1;  word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style=" Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;  letter-spacing: 0.544px;  text-align: justify; widows: 1; "><br></span></p><p style="  Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;  letter-spacing: 0.544px;  widows: 1;  word-wrap: break-word !important;">被保险人是受到保障的人，保险合同都是以被保险人的身体或者寿命作为保险标的，所以通常被保险人也是享受年金、医疗保险金、重大疾病赔偿金的人。</p><p style="  Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;  letter-spacing: 0.544px;  widows: 1;  word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style=" box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"></p><p style="  Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;  letter-spacing: 0.544px;  widows: 1;  word-wrap: break-word !important;">被保险人享受的这些年金或者赔偿金是不用抵偿投保人的债务的，但是有可能会被抵偿被保险人的债务。</p><p style="  Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;  letter-spacing: 0.544px;  widows: 1;  word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style=" box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"></p><p style="  Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;  letter-spacing: 0.544px;  widows: 1;  word-wrap: break-word !important;">举个简单例子：</p><p style="  Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;  letter-spacing: 0.544px;  widows: 1;  word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style=" box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"></p><p style="  Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;  letter-spacing: 0.544px;  widows: 1;  word-wrap: break-word !important;">投保人欠了债。投保人给孩子购买了人寿保险，投保人欠了钱的债权人不能要求孩子领取的保险金抵偿点评哥的债务，但可要求投保人退保，用现金价值偿还债务。</p><p style="  Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;  letter-spacing: 0.544px;  widows: 1;  word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style=" box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; "><br></span></p><p style="  Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;  letter-spacing: 0.544px;  widows: 1;  word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style=" box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; ">如果孩子已经成长为完全民事行为能力，可以将投保人变更为孩子，以保证保单不可被解约。</span></p><p style="  Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;  letter-spacing: 0.544px;  widows: 1;  word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style=" box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; "><br></span></p><p style="  Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;  letter-spacing: 0.544px;  widows: 1;  word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="  Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;  letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; widows: 1;">2.被保险人债务不影响受益人保险金</span></p><p style="  Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;  letter-spacing: 0.544px;  widows: 1;  word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></p><p style="  Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;  letter-spacing: 0.544px;  widows: 1;  word-wrap: break-word !important;">被保险人的<span style=" box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; ">身故</span>保险金属于受益人的财产，不用抵偿被保险人的债务。也就是说，被保险人欠债，如果投保时指定了身故受益人，那么保险金则由受益人获得，而不用于抵偿被保险人的债务。</p><p style="  Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;  letter-spacing: 0.544px;  widows: 1;  word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></p><p style="  Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;  letter-spacing: 0.544px;  widows: 1;  word-wrap: break-word !important;">同样道理，部分生存保险受益人如果指定为非被保险人，其保险金也不用抵偿被保险人的债务，但若生存保险金受益人指定为被保险人时，则可用于抵偿债务。<br></p><p style="  Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;  letter-spacing: 0.544px;  widows: 1;  word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style=" box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"></p><p><span style=" box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; "></span></p><p style="  Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;  letter-spacing: 0.544px;  widows: 1;  word-wrap: break-word !important;">我们可以这么理解，只要合法情况下，保险确实是可以逼债的，这个避债是维护被保险人或受益人的权益。</p><p style="  Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;  letter-spacing: 0.544px;  widows: 1;  word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></p><p style="  Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;  letter-spacing: 0.544px;  widows: 1;  word-wrap: break-word !important;">我们再看看下面条例。</p><p style="  Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;  letter-spacing: 0.544px;  widows: 1;  word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></p><p style="  Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;  letter-spacing: 0.544px;  widows: 1;  word-wrap: break-word !important;">《合同法》第73条：因债务人怠于行使其到期债权，对债权人造成损害的，债权人可以向人民法院请求以自己的名义代位行使债务人的债权，但该债权专属于债务人自身的除外。</p><p style="  Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;  letter-spacing: 0.544px;  widows: 1;  word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></p><p style="  Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;  letter-spacing: 0.544px;  widows: 1;  word-wrap: break-word !important;">《合同法司法解释一》第12条：合同法第七十三条第一款规定的专属于债务人自身的债权，是指基于扶养关系、抚养关系、赡养关系、继承关系产生的给付请求权和劳动报酬、退休金、养老金、抚恤金、安置费、人寿保险、人身伤害赔偿请求权等权利。</p><p style="  Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;  letter-spacing: 0.544px;  widows: 1;  word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></p><p style="  Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;  letter-spacing: 0.544px;  widows: 1;  word-wrap: break-word !important;">事实上，投保人购买传统型、分红型、投资连接型、万能型人身保险产品、依保单约定可获得的生存保险金、或以现金方式支付的保单红利、或退保后保单的现金价值，均属于投保人、被保险人或受益人的财产权。当投保人、被保险人或受益人作为被执行人时，该财产权属于责任财产，人民法院可以执行。</p><p style="  Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;  letter-spacing: 0.544px;  widows: 1;  word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></p><p style="  Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;  letter-spacing: 0.544px;  widows: 1;  word-wrap: break-word !important;">也就是说，条例只是保证了保险金请求权，并没有保证保险现金价值不能用于清偿。</p><p style="  Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif;  letter-spacing: 0.544px;  widows: 1;  word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br></p></div></div><div><span style=" box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; ">一句话，保险是可以“</span>避债”，但这并不是绝对。要真的做到“避债”，还是需要斗智斗勇呀。</div>